Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction
Switching to safer nicotine products could be a life-saving approach for millions of people who use high-risk tobacco like combustible cigarettes.
GSTHR maps the global, regional and national availability and use of safer nicotine products, regulatory responses to them, and the public health potential of tobacco harm reduction (THR). Explore any country's data on smoking, vaping, snus, HTP - enter a country in the search box, or find it on the globe.
Learn MoreDid you know that vaping is at least 95% less harmful than smoking?
Learn MoreDid you know that cigarette smoke contains more than 7,000 chemicals, including over 70 known carcinogens?
Learn MoreDid you know that snus is legal in most countries across the Americas but banned in most of Europe?
Navigate the World of Tobacco Harm Reduction
Highlights of Nicotine FAQ
Quick, data-driven answers to the questions people ask most about smoking, nicotine and safer alternatives.
Browse All Questions- What are safer nicotine products?
- How many smokers are there worldwide?
- Why are there so many legal moves to ban vaping flavours?
- Which countries have banned the sale of nicotine vapes (e-cigarettes)?
- Which countries allow the sale of nicotine pouches?
- In which countries are heated tobacco products marketed?
Recently Updated Country Information
Vietnam | E-cigarettes is not allowed in Vietnam. (2025): No
Vietnam | Legal to sell product (2025): No
Vietnam | The sale of E-cigarettes is banned. (2025): Banned
Ukraine | Legal restrictions on use in public places (2024): YES
Read the Latest Briefing Papers
View, download and use GSTHR infographics, charts and graphs:
Read and download major GSTHR reports:
A Situation Report
Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2024
The fourth in our biennial GSTHR series, this report tracks the extent to which safer nicotine products are replacing and substituting for combustible and risky oral tobacco products. It is split into two parts, A Global Perspective and Regional and National Insights.
The Right Side of History
Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2022
The third report in our biennial GSTHR series documents the search for safer ways to use nicotine and charts the history of tobacco harm reduction with the emergence of new safer nicotine products.
Burning Issues
Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2020
The second in our biennial GSTHR series, this report focuses on the benefits to public and individual health of having available, affordable, appropriate and acceptable safer alternatives to combustible tobacco products.
Fighting the Last War:
the WHO and International Tobacco Control
This 2021 report from K∙A∙C’s Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction argues that “tobacco control policy is frozen in time” while “innovative non-combustible nicotine technology and supporting evidence have moved forwards”.